Ketones and Aldehydes

KETONES & ALDEHYDES

A ketone is a hydrocarbon chain with a double bonded oxygen that is NOT on either end
An Aldehyde is a compound that has a double bonded oxygen at the END of the a chain.
Follow standard rules and add -one to the parent chain for Ketones
Follow standard rules and change the parent name ending to -al in Aldehydes

Propanone is a ketone. Propanal is an aldehyde. Their endings and where the oxygens are bonded

Here are some examples:

Draw the structural diagrams for the following Ketones:


a) 2, 4 dimethyl 3 pentanone
b) 2 chloro 4 methyl 3 hexanone
c) 1,2,2 trichloro 4,4 difloro 3 butanone





Name the following compound:



2 ethyl 4 floro 2 methyl 3 hexanone


ALDEHYDES


An aldehyde is a compound that has a double bonded oxygen at the END of a chain So Oxygen atoms will be found on the ends of these chains, and will have an ending of -al


Name the compound:








1) Count 4 carbons = Butane
2) Add ending "-al" to Butane = Butanal


Answer: Butanal

The simplest aldehyde is methanal otherwise known as FORMALDEHYDE:







Draw a structural diagram for
2,3 dibromo 4 propyl pentanal